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Diarrhea definition, causes, symptoms, prevention, treatment

 

Definition

Diarrhea is nowadays a common problem. If you have diarrhea, you will usually have watery and loose stool. You will also feel to have bowel movement several times a day. This disease may be acute or chronic. When you have acute diarrhea, this stays for 1-2 days. And in case of chronic diarrhea, this stays more than 3-4 weeks. Though diarrhea is short-lived, it can lead to different other problems of your body. The problems may be: kidney failure, dehydration, electrolyte imbalance etc. When you are attacked by diarrhea, your body loses huge amount of water with your stool. So, to fulfill the gap, you have to drink plenty of water.

Causes

There are so many reasons that can cause diarrhea. Some cases, doctors can't find the cause of diarrhea. It goes away by it own within 4 days. But as there are reasons, we've to know them. 
  • Surgery
  • Some viral infections like astrovirus, rotavirus, norovirus
  • Bacteria & parasites
  • Medications
  • Food intolerance
  • Lactose intolerance & fructose
  • Sweeteners which are artificial
  • Some digestive disorder

Symptoms

Diarrhea contains several symptoms. Some of them include:
  • Dehydration
  • Urinating less than usual
  • Pains or cramps
  • Tired feeling
  • Dry mouth
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Fever
  • Blood and mucus in stool
  • Weight loss
  • Lack of energy 
  • Bloating
  • Dark colored urine
  • Fatigue
  • Increment of heart rate
  • Increased thirst

Prevention

Diarrhea can be prevented in some ways. You have to cook with fresh vegetables or your chosen items. Cook foods in recommended temperature, not in high temperature. Store foods in right temperature. And never eat those foods which are already rotten. Before these, you must ensure one thing. You need to wash your hands with soap. Because washing hands with soap kills the viruses or bacteria in your hands. Besides before cooking, you have to wash hands after using toilet, eating etc. If you're a traveler, you may get water which is unhygienic. This is another reason of diarrhea which is usually noticed in developing countries. So, you have to ensure that your drink or fluid is properly treated. Getting rotavirus vaccine is another plus point for preventing diarrhea. As, rotavirus is a reason of diarrhea.

Treatment

If you have mild diarrhea, you can treat it at your home by using bismuth subsalicylate. You will feel better. Basically the best treatment for diarrhea is recovering the lost water from your body. So, you need to drink more water.But the medicines are not always the only solution. If your diarrhea's cause is bacteria or bacterial infection, you will need to consult with a doctor. He may prescribe you medicines. Remember that you shouldn't use medicine when you have a fever and blood in stool during diarrhea, without consulting with your doctor. In these cases, consult with your doctor. Your doctor may take decision about your treatment focusing on some things including your age, medical history, severity or type of diarrhea, health etc. You doctor will tell you to recover the lost water from your body. He may advise you to take juice, water containing electrolytes. When you will have upset stomach or vomiting by taking these, doctor will tell you to getting IV fluids. After analysis, he may lower your medicine dose or change to another medicine.

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